Acting on opportunities.
The fact that a strategic leader is able to make the cognitive leap required to see a distant opportunity does not mean that the rest of the organization is also able to make the leap. Getting others to see what he or she sees—and embrace it—is extremely difficult. (It’s much easier to persuade an organization to pursue incremental, less risky opportunities. In fact, that’s what organizations are set up for.) When the cognitive shift requires a change in a firm’s identity, the resistance is even more stubborn, especially when the identity has a long history and is infused with moral value. In the words of Stanford’s James March, a living legend in the study of organizations, “If a leader tries to march toward strange destinations, the organization is likely to deflect the effort.”
When George Fisher took the helm of Kodak in 1993 (having just led a spectacular turnaround of Motorola), he realized that the firm’s greatest opportunity was in digital cameras. He envisioned a radical strategic redirection. The problem was, the organization held an entrenched view of the photography industry and its own position: In photography, there were cameras and there was film. The organization firmly believed that Kodak was a film company. Thus, even though Kodak had about the best digital-camera technology available worldwide, the organization couldn’t make the leap to seeing itself as a camera company. When Fisher launched his strategy, he probably did not sufficiently appreciate the distance between his vision and Kodak’s sense of itself. The company’s managers, especially its middle managers, complied superficially but ultimately resisted Fisher’s redirection. As a result, despite his strategic acumen and managerial ability, a frustrated Fisher left the company a few years after his arrival.
ดำเนินการในโอกาสความจริงที่เป็นผู้นำเชิงกลยุทธ์สามารถกระโดดรับรู้ต้องดูโอกาสที่ห่างไกลไม่ได้หมายความ ว่า ส่วนที่เหลือขององค์กรก็สามารถทำการกระโดด การให้เห็นว่าเขาหรือเธอเห็น — และโอบกอดมัน — เป็นเรื่องยากมากขึ้น (ได้ง่ายชักจูงองค์กรไล่โอกาสที่เพิ่มขึ้น มีความเสี่ยงน้อยมาก ในความเป็นจริง ซึ่งเป็นสิ่งที่องค์กรได้ตั้งค่าสำหรับ) เมื่อกะรับรู้ต้องมีการเปลี่ยนแปลงในตัวตนของบริษัท ความต้านทานที่เป็นปากแข็งมาก โดยเฉพาะอย่างยิ่งเมื่อข้อมูลประจำตัวมีมานาน และลงตัวกับค่าแรง คำของสแตนฟอร์ดมีนาคม James ตำนานชีวิตในองค์กร การศึกษา "ถ้าผู้นำพยายามที่จะเดินขบวนไปยังสถานที่แปลก ๆ องค์กรคืออาจปัดความพยายาม"When George Fisher took the helm of Kodak in 1993 (having just led a spectacular turnaround of Motorola), he realized that the firm’s greatest opportunity was in digital cameras. He envisioned a radical strategic redirection. The problem was, the organization held an entrenched view of the photography industry and its own position: In photography, there were cameras and there was film. The organization firmly believed that Kodak was a film company. Thus, even though Kodak had about the best digital-camera technology available worldwide, the organization couldn’t make the leap to seeing itself as a camera company. When Fisher launched his strategy, he probably did not sufficiently appreciate the distance between his vision and Kodak’s sense of itself. The company’s managers, especially its middle managers, complied superficially but ultimately resisted Fisher’s redirection. As a result, despite his strategic acumen and managerial ability, a frustrated Fisher left the company a few years after his arrival.
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Acting on opportunities.
The fact that a strategic leader is able to make the cognitive leap required to see a distant opportunity does not mean that the rest of the organization is also able to make the leap. Getting others to see what he or she sees—and embrace it—is extremely difficult. (It’s much easier to persuade an organization to pursue incremental, less risky opportunities. In fact, that’s what organizations are set up for.) When the cognitive shift requires a change in a firm’s identity, the resistance is even more stubborn, especially when the identity has a long history and is infused with moral value. In the words of Stanford’s James March, a living legend in the study of organizations, “If a leader tries to march toward strange destinations, the organization is likely to deflect the effort.”
When George Fisher took the helm of Kodak in 1993 (having just led a spectacular turnaround of Motorola), he realized that the firm’s greatest opportunity was in digital cameras. He envisioned a radical strategic redirection. The problem was, the organization held an entrenched view of the photography industry and its own position: In photography, there were cameras and there was film. The organization firmly believed that Kodak was a film company. Thus, even though Kodak had about the best digital-camera technology available worldwide, the organization couldn’t make the leap to seeing itself as a camera company. When Fisher launched his strategy, he probably did not sufficiently appreciate the distance between his vision and Kodak’s sense of itself. The company’s managers, especially its middle managers, complied superficially but ultimately resisted Fisher’s redirection. As a result, despite his strategic acumen and managerial ability, a frustrated Fisher left the company a few years after his arrival.
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