More precisely, these protests illustrate examples of movements that combine collective action addressing a common injustice,25 and a perceived political opportunity.26 Activists concerned about ACTA received a boost in momentum from successful protests against the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) and the PROTECT IP Act (PIPA) – bills extending online copyright enforcement mechanisms in the United States, in January 2012. The ACTA protests also highlighted the ways in which communications technology can be empowering through the lowering of costs for collective action,27 support for political entrepreneurialism,28 and decreased dependency on a central organization.29 However, understanding the logic of these networks and the roles of civil society along the various dimensions of multi-level politics offers a lesson by documenting how different types of advocacy and different logics take place in different dimensions.