In high-speed territorial battles between male Australian emperors Hemianax papuensis, the fighting dragonflies adjust their flight paths to appear stationary to their rivals, minimizing the chance of being detected as they approach.[a][50][51] To achieve the effect, the attacking dragonfly flies towards its rival, choosing its path to remain on a line between the rival and the start of its attack path. The attacker thus looms larger as it closes on its rival, but does not otherwise appear to move. Researchers found that 6 of 15 encounters involved motion camouflage.[52]