provides abundant natural microbes and bioactive compounds such as
carotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins (Ju et al., 2008a), and other
immunostimulatory compounds (Crab et al., 2012) that may stimulate
the immune response of cultured fish. In addition, we found that BFT
played a positive role in feed utilization and the digestive enzyme
activities of fish (Xu and Pan, 2012; Xu et al., 2012a), which may have
enhanced the assimilation of dietary bioactive substances from the
feed and then exerted an immune-stimulating effect on the fish
cultured in the BFT system. Further investigation is required to
determine the mechanisms of biofloc on the fish immune system.
provides abundant natural microbes and bioactive compounds such ascarotenoids and fat-soluble vitamins (Ju et al., 2008a), and otherimmunostimulatory compounds (Crab et al., 2012) that may stimulatethe immune response of cultured fish. In addition, we found that BFTplayed a positive role in feed utilization and the digestive enzymeactivities of fish (Xu and Pan, 2012; Xu et al., 2012a), which may haveenhanced the assimilation of dietary bioactive substances from thefeed and then exerted an immune-stimulating effect on the fishcultured in the BFT system. Further investigation is required todetermine the mechanisms of biofloc on the fish immune system.
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