The progressive educators strongly, and often emotively reject the elementary school tradition of the industrial trainers. This is characterized as: ‘mass teaching, chanting of tables, mechanical reading around the class…rigid timetables and the silencing of tells… the same textbook for every child’. (Kirby, 1981. page 11). Both the strict regimentation and denial of individuality, and the lack of respect for each child becoming a person at their own rate, are anathema to the progressive educators. Alexander analyzes their writings, and finds that