Students in the EG noted that their understanding in Probability improved after learning with the handheld technology instructional
approaches. The handheld technology instructional approaches appeared to have facilitated the probability tasks of the multiple representations
which enhanced students' understanding. The GC crunched numbers and calculation process, freeing up students to think and
crunch more problems, thus giving them the opportunity to do more practices. The GC's ability to tabulate the data with its ‘LIST’ function
and represent it on the graphs and ‘transform’ the formula to graphs (such as ND) allowed students to observe the pattern of Probability
Distributions. The GC helped students think about probability spatially by visualizing density curves. Kumar (LA) responded that “… the
picture of a distribution, e.g. ND can be shown on the GC” and Meng (HA) noted that “… [it] plots graph [and] shows me the graph/normal
curve through visualization.” Amin (LA) too commented that “… [I like] Normal curve. [A] clear and understandable graph is drawn with the
GC.” Aham (LA) held the view that “… the GC helps by applying the formulae” and Cheng (HA) cited that “… It helps me to understand the
concept better. I actually apply what I learnt.” As students carried out the tasks with the GC and used various functions/methods of solving
questions, they were able to better understand the concepts. For instance, Ali (AA) noted that “… we learn how to use binomcdf and binompdf
without using the statistical tables. From there, we know to solve the problems using statistical tables” and Kaur (LA) stated that “… the GC
works the same as statistical tables, I solve the problems without the statistical tables first. Then, I understand the concept and know how to
solve the problems using the statistical tables.” In addition, Nina (LA) stated in her journal that “I could visualize the normal curve on the GC
and I realized that the shaded area on the normal curve is the probability that I calculated using the statistical tables” and Juadah (LA)
recorded that “It saved a lot of tedious calculations especially to solve BD, PD and ND questions. I did not need to memorize the formula and
refer to the statistical tables for the probability. However, after solving the probability distributions with the GC, I understand and know to
solve the probability using the statistical tables.”