From the case:
In 1997, the company issued 30-year bonds at par, with a face value of $1000 and a coupon rate of 10% per year, and managed to raise $40 million for expansion. Currently, the AA-rated bonds had 25 years left until maturity and were being quoted at 97.5% of par.
floatation cost for debt would be 10% of the issue price
New debt would cost about the same as the yield on outstanding debt and would have the same rating.
We use the effective annual rate of debt based on current market conditions (i.e. yield to maturity on debt). We do not use historical rates
For the issuing firm, the cost of debt is:
the rate of return required by investors,
adjusted for flotation costs (any costs associated with issuing new bonds), and
adjusted for taxes.
Face value= $1,000
coupon rate = 10% per year
Therefore annual interest= $100 =10%*1000
Current market price= 97.50% of par = $975 =97.5%*1000
Floatation cost= 10% of issue price
Therefore the company would get 90.00% of the issue price= $877.50 =90.%*975
Therefore yield= 11.40% =100/877.5