Monitoring of volcanic activity is important for
learning about the properties of each volcano and for providing
early warning systems to the population. Monitoring
equipment can be expensive, and thus the degree of monitoring
varies from volcano to volcano and from country to
country, with many volcanoes not being monitored at all.
This paper describes the development of a wireless sensor
network (WSN) capable of collecting geophysical measurements
on remote active volcanoes. Our main goals were to
create a flexible, easy-to-deploy and easy-to-maintain, adaptable,
low-cost WSN for temporary or permanent monitoring
of seismic tremor. The WSN enables the easy installation of
a sensor array in an area of tens of thousands of m2, allowing
the location of the magma movements causing the seismic
tremor to be calculated. This WSN can be used by recording
data locally for later analysis or by continuously transmitting
it in real time to a remote laboratory for real-time analyses.
We present a set of tests that validate different aspects
of our WSN, including a deployment on a suspended bridge
for measuring its vibration.