Several studies have demonstrated the link between the potential
biofilm formation and the presence of ica genes. Polysaccharide is considered
an important pathogenic mechanism,and its production occurs by the expression
of operon icaABCD genes. This relates to the capacity of adhesion
and biofilm formation in staphylococci. In operon icaABCD, the
icaA gene is responsible for codifying the glucosamine N-acetyltransferase
and the poly-N-acetylglucosamine polymer (PIA);when expressing
the gene isolated, PIA production is relatively low. However, when expressing
the icaA gene together with the icaD gene, the production of
that enzyme increases considerably. Thus, the co-expression of these
two genes within the operon icaABCD enhances biofilm expression in
S. aureus