Imidacloprid has, on its imidazolidine ring, two amine groups that could have been oxidized by hydroxylation on the carbon of amine groups [26] to yield the products DP7. It has already been reported, in the literature, that the formation of monohydroxylated imidacloprid is mainly metabolic and microbial transformation [27–30]. The monohydroxylated imidacloprid could react with ozone in four different ways: (i) by a second hydroxylation on another carbon to yield DP4; (ii) by oxidation of alcohol to carbonyl group to form DP9, DP10 and DP12; (iii) by a combined oxidation of the alcohol function and hydroxylation to yield DP11; (iv) by N-dealkylation of amines to form an opened-ring compound
DP3.