a meta-analysis of
case-control studies in 2010 suggested a moderately
favorable effect (17% lower risk of cancer) [10]. A beneficial
effect of coffee on the risk of colorectal cancer
was also confirmed by a meta-analysis of cohort studies
in 2011 [52]. As many as three analyses and a review
of data were published in 2013. One of them, including
case-control studies, stated that the risk of colorectal
cancer is reduced by 15% for heavy coffee drinkers as
compared to low or non-drinkers, and that the risk of