For instance, psychopathy seems to be at least partially determined by low ability to empathize with others, but are psychopaths also actively motivated to cause harm, or do they perceive the world as particularly hostile or untrustworthy? Similarly, it is noted that Machiavellians are motivated to manipulate others, but not all Machiavellians may be especially able to do so—is it possible that an interaction between motives and ability might have important consequences for Machiavellians’ effectiveness (e.g., in negotiations, interviews, or sales pitches)?