Subject age and gender were used as reported in the public-use NHANESdata. We used the racial and ethnic group variable reported by NHANESbased on survey responses to questions about racial group and ethnicity.We combined responses from the NHANES categories of Mexican-American and Other Hispanic into a single Hispanic category accordingto analytic guidelines [7]. Otherwise, we used the racial/ethnic groupsas reported by NHANES. We included household income as a measureof socioeconomic status, categorized as $0–19 999, $20 000–34 999,$35 000–74 999, and $75 000. A personal history of diabetes or goutwas identified from the medical examination component, as was BMI,which was categorized as normal weight (18.0–24.9 kg/m2), overweight(25.0–29.9 kg/m2), and obese (30.0 kg/m2).