This paper first reviews the development of the ideas of
thermal comfort, starting with the laboratory studies conducted
by Fanger and his co-workers. In the next step, field studies which
were done on naturally ventilated (and in a non-steady-state
situation) and air conditioned buildings will be explained. Then,
three adaptive thermal comfort standards are presented with their
equations. In Section 5, a Dutch representative city will be
presented as a case study. In this regard, each one of the adaptive
thermal comfort standards provides an estimate of the temperature
range for thermal comfort. Through the results of the
estimations, the standards will be compared and discussed.