Terminal operations. A way to increase the capacity of a ship is to make it wider, which requires cranes with a deeper reach (a post-panamax ship has between 15 and 23 containers in width as opposed to 13 for a Panamax ship). Further, larger ships require a higher level of terminal throughput since a greater amount of cargo must be handled roughly within the same port call time. This places pressures on terminal operations due to a time compression of the cargo handling, requiring more yard space and equipment. Terminal gate access is also facing constraints as more trucks are entering and exiting the terminal during the same timeframe. Fares that are paid by maritime shipping companies, such as port fees, are essentially remaining the same on a per TEU basis, implying that the terminal operator does not necessarily see a growth in its revenue with larger ships. Capital investment in infrastructure, often assumed by publically owned port authorities, are therefore even more difficult to amortize. Larger ships could actually involve a decline in terminal capacity because of the time compression of cargo operations larger ships impose.