This paper presents and explores a conceptual framework that provides insights into mountaineer adventure tourists. Discussion of the framework centres upon key interconnected elements that influence mountaineering tourism participation and the actual experience of mountaineering. It examines previous research on mountaineering, mountaineers, adventure, recreation and tourism, and applies this to mountaineer adventure tourists. Specific mountaineering, and generic tourism push and pull elements, personality characteristics, lifestyle elements and perceptions of adventure primarily influence participation in mountaineering tourism. Furthermore, these factors affect participants’ experience of mountaineering during involvement.