Nguyen and Gong (2012) examined accounting reform and the
convergence of Vietnamese accounting standards with the international
standards. They found that Vietnamese accountants have poor
competency compared with other AEC countries such as Singapore,
Malaysia, Thailand, and Indonesia. Steelyana (2012) studied the
competency of Indonesian accountants in the light of the establishment
of the AEC. He found that the quality of the competency of Indonesian
accountants needs to be developed and improved. Pongtanee (2008)
investigated the importance placed by organisations and authorities
on certain characteristics of accounting graduates in Thailand namely