Fig. 3: Removal Efficiency Vs pH of Water
Numerous materials have been tested for their usefulness as iron removal reagent and several
methods have been evolved. But most of the methods have some drawbacks as a result could not
find practical application. This method has high potentiality due to simple and economical
construction, operation and maintenance using local materials. Simultaneous aeration and lime
softening is very much essential for better efficiency of iron removal. Efficiency of this Sand
Filters depends on raw water quality and filter design. Up to date water filter design and
operation mostly rely on experiences gained at laboratory. But, large numbers of variable
conditions effect on its performance. But in this method raw water was directly used therefore
the role of ambient conditions such as temperature and chemical composition of the raw waters
can be nullify. Extensive study on kinetics, thermodynamics and spectroscopy are much needed
to develop bamboo charcoals as an effective commercial alternative in near future. This low cost
SF method has high potentiality as the waste product of bamboo firewood which is easily
available in Assam and easy to prepare.