1. Time-series results using the Basu DT model
To test whether the Basu-based conservatism coefficients of our test companies differ between the years when they
overstate earnings (t¼ T), and those subsequent to the overstatements (t ¼Tþ t), we estimate a variant of model (3) using only test firm data pooled across years. All years in the pre-overstatement period are deleted for this test.
2. Time-series results using Khan and Watts (2009) C-Score
We estimate the Khan and Watts (2009) model previously introduced in Section 4.3 using test company observations during and after the years when earnings are overstated. We add the variable POSTit to the model to investigate whether test companies increase their conservatism in the post-overstatement period (t¼Tþ t), relative to the overstatement-period (t¼T). If so, POSTit should be positively associated with C-SCOREit. The results are provided in Table 6. As expected, the coefficient of POSTit is positive and highly significant.