As is common elsewhere in the world, public health care services in Malaysia are experiencing mounting pressures because of increased demand and limited resources. The current service provides an almost universal health system in which risks are pooled across the entire population, and all civil servants, as well as their dependants and children, and lower income groups are entitled to health care in a public health care facility, whereas the remainder of the population is required to pay a minimal fee for health care. The collected fees constitute only 2% of the cost of the health service. Consequently, the system relies heavily on general taxation for financing. Such a financing plan is unsustainable, particularly in developing countries that have an inefficient tax collection system (only 10% of the Malaysian population pays taxes). Consequently, health service suffers from overcrowding, understaffing, a long waiting time, low accessibility, and a lack of quality and convenience, which drives almost 60% of Malaysians to seek private primary care (Dyah Pitaloka & Rizal, 2006). Despite their preferences, most (73.2%) of the expenditures in private health care are out-of-pocket, and only 18.8% of adult Malaysians are covered by voluntary private health insurance (VPHI) (Yu, Whynes, & Sach, 2008). This trend creates a high risk of catastrophic medical events for Malaysians. The existing social health insurance in Malaysia is restricted to formal sector workers with regular employment, leaving the unemployed without coverage.