For alkaline pretreatment experiment (III) grass silage (184 g ww,
corresponding to 50 gTS and 46.5 gVS, particle size ca. 1-2 cm) was placed into 1
l glass bottles and distilled water (866 g) was added to obtain a TS concentration
of 5 %. Solid NaOH (2 g) was added to obtain a dose of 4 % NaOH gTS–1.