Angus steers (n = 78) were placed on a feedlot finishing diet at approximately
560 kg live weight and remained on this diet until reaching approximately 703
kg. This feeding regimen was used to simulate feeding conditions in Japan.
Upon reaching finished weight, the steers were slaughtered in a commercial
packing plant and chilled for 48 h under typical industrial chilling conditions
(approximately -2°C, no spray chill). After chilling, the carcasses were transferred
to a holding cooler (2°C) and ribbed between the twelfth and thirteenth
ribs, and USDA (1989) grade data were collected by two trained evaluators.
Lighting in the grading area was maintained at a constant level of 323 lux. After
the collection of USDA grade data, the carcasses were shipped by refrigerated
truck to a fabrication facility, where they were ultimately fabricated and the subprimals
exported to Japan. Upon arrival at the fabrication facility, the carcasses
were placed in a holding cooler (2°C) and ribbed between the sixth and seventh
ribs. After ribbing, Japanese grade data were collected by two evaluators (different
from the two who assessed USDA criteria), trained in the Japanese grading
system. Again, lighting was held constant at 323 lux in the grading area. Owing
to the time required to load and ship the carcasses to the fabrication plant, the
Japanese grade data (Japan Meat Grading Association, 1988) were collected approximately
36 h after the collection of the USDA data. This delay was unavoidable
because the slaughterer was selling the carcasses on a hanging basis to
the fabricator and would not allow ribbing in both locations before shipment.
However, this situation would not be vastly different from carcasses being
graded in the United States (twelfth rib) and then shipped to Japan, where they
would be ribbed at the sixth rib some days later. Japanese grade data collected
Angus steers (n = 78) were placed on a feedlot finishing diet at approximately
560 kg live weight and remained on this diet until reaching approximately 703
kg. This feeding regimen was used to simulate feeding conditions in Japan.
Upon reaching finished weight, the steers were slaughtered in a commercial
packing plant and chilled for 48 h under typical industrial chilling conditions
(approximately -2°C, no spray chill). After chilling, the carcasses were transferred
to a holding cooler (2°C) and ribbed between the twelfth and thirteenth
ribs, and USDA (1989) grade data were collected by two trained evaluators.
Lighting in the grading area was maintained at a constant level of 323 lux. After
the collection of USDA grade data, the carcasses were shipped by refrigerated
truck to a fabrication facility, where they were ultimately fabricated and the subprimals
exported to Japan. Upon arrival at the fabrication facility, the carcasses
were placed in a holding cooler (2°C) and ribbed between the sixth and seventh
ribs. After ribbing, Japanese grade data were collected by two evaluators (different
from the two who assessed USDA criteria), trained in the Japanese grading
system. Again, lighting was held constant at 323 lux in the grading area. Owing
to the time required to load and ship the carcasses to the fabrication plant, the
Japanese grade data (Japan Meat Grading Association, 1988) were collected approximately
36 h after the collection of the USDA data. This delay was unavoidable
because the slaughterer was selling the carcasses on a hanging basis to
the fabricator and would not allow ribbing in both locations before shipment.
However, this situation would not be vastly different from carcasses being
graded in the United States (twelfth rib) and then shipped to Japan, where they
would be ribbed at the sixth rib some days later. Japanese grade data collected
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