Under whey/glycerol co-fermentation, the grade of membrane
depolarization throughout all the cultivations was quite similar in comparison to a non-supplemented culture (Fig. S1B). Thus, the
unconsumed glycerol left in the co-fermentations did not contribute
to maintain lower membrane depolarization levels.
Whereas the metabolic activity was reduced by co-supplying glycerol
at early cultivation stages (12 h) (Fig. 2C), glycerol co-supply
contributed to ameliorate the stress-induced physiological
response by maintaining higher membrane integrity levels during
the lactobionic acid production phase (>24 h) (Fig. 2D).