In relating to this issue, Kamil (2007) claimed that debt has many negative implications on society and
nation and therefore should not be encouraged. Debt is in one of the principal causes of poverty; it has hampered
the economic development of indebted countries and has prevented them from investing in essential services such as
healthcare and education. For example, Ecuador spends 47% of its government income on servicing debt and only
12% on education and just 7% on healthcare. The reality is many poor countries are spending more on debt
repayments than on providing the most basic needs for their own people (J. Glennie, 2007).
According to a recent survey conducted by the National Association for Business Economics
(www.nabe.com) the combined threat of subprime loan defaults and excessive indebtedness has overtaken terrorism
and the Middle East as the biggest short-term threat to the U.S. economy. 32% of the survey participants cited loan
defaults and excessive debt as the biggest threat, compared to only 20% citing terrorism as the biggest threat 64% of
the people polled who carry debt admitted that debt is a cause of worry for them (www.bankrate.com).
Stress caused by factors such as finances has been shown to negatively impact psychological well being.
Low levels of financial stress are associated with greater level of well being and lower level of stress. Bergemean &
Wallace (1999) conducted a study based on two separate telephone surveys involving a total of 1,036 Ohioans found
that people who reported higher levels of stress about their debt showed higher levels of physical impairment and
also reported worse health than those with lower levels of debt. In addition, people with a higher proportion of their
income tied up in credit card debt also showed higher levels of physical impairment (www.sciencedaily.com)
Financial debt also created marital problems to couples, as it was associated to increased levels of conflicts,
stress, and marital pressure, which reduce the level of marital satisfaction or fulfilment. Such financial complexities
are frequently noted as one of the major reason for couples engaging in divorce (http://ivythesis.typead.com).
On the other hand, Islamic teaching discourages the excessive consumption of the debt though the real need
for taking debt is allowed. There are ample evidences in the Quran suggesting that accruing debt is a serious matter
and should not be undertaken except in cases of real necessity. The Qur’an has very strong words condemning and
prohibiting extravagance and prodigality: "Eat and drink, but waste not by excess, for God love not the prodigals".
(7:31) and "Squander not wastefully, surely the squanderers are the devil's brethren." (17:26-27) (Al-Quran).
Islam discourages heavy debt as much as possible. It is considered to have a serious and direct effect on a
Muslim’s belief or conviction for it can lead to harmful consequences. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon
him) used to regularly supplicate “Allah, I seek refuge with you from sin and heavy debts”. (reported by Bukhari and
Muslim). The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) further stated that “whoever dies from free from three
things; arrogance, cheating and debt will enter paradise and the soul of a believer is held hostage by his debt in his
grave until it is paid off” (reported by Tirmidhi).
Khan & Mould (2008) said Islam discourages heavy debt as much as possible as it is considered to have a
serious and direct effect on Muslim’s belief or conviction because it can lead to harmful consequences. Incurring
debt to fund luxury and extravagance is contrary to the core Islamic values that condemn excess and wastage.
In relating to this issue, Kamil (2007) claimed that debt has many negative implications on society andnation and therefore should not be encouraged. Debt is in one of the principal causes of poverty; it has hamperedthe economic development of indebted countries and has prevented them from investing in essential services such ashealthcare and education. For example, Ecuador spends 47% of its government income on servicing debt and only12% on education and just 7% on healthcare. The reality is many poor countries are spending more on debtrepayments than on providing the most basic needs for their own people (J. Glennie, 2007).According to a recent survey conducted by the National Association for Business Economics(www.nabe.com) the combined threat of subprime loan defaults and excessive indebtedness has overtaken terrorismand the Middle East as the biggest short-term threat to the U.S. economy. 32% of the survey participants cited loandefaults and excessive debt as the biggest threat, compared to only 20% citing terrorism as the biggest threat 64% ofthe people polled who carry debt admitted that debt is a cause of worry for them (www.bankrate.com).Stress caused by factors such as finances has been shown to negatively impact psychological well being.Low levels of financial stress are associated with greater level of well being and lower level of stress. Bergemean &Wallace (1999) conducted a study based on two separate telephone surveys involving a total of 1,036 Ohioans foundthat people who reported higher levels of stress about their debt showed higher levels of physical impairment andalso reported worse health than those with lower levels of debt. In addition, people with a higher proportion of theirincome tied up in credit card debt also showed higher levels of physical impairment (www.sciencedaily.com)Financial debt also created marital problems to couples, as it was associated to increased levels of conflicts,stress, and marital pressure, which reduce the level of marital satisfaction or fulfilment. Such financial complexitiesare frequently noted as one of the major reason for couples engaging in divorce (http://ivythesis.typead.com).On the other hand, Islamic teaching discourages the excessive consumption of the debt though the real needfor taking debt is allowed. There are ample evidences in the Quran suggesting that accruing debt is a serious matterand should not be undertaken except in cases of real necessity. The Qur’an has very strong words condemning andprohibiting extravagance and prodigality: "Eat and drink, but waste not by excess, for God love not the prodigals".(7:31) and "Squander not wastefully, surely the squanderers are the devil's brethren." (17:26-27) (Al-Quran).Islam discourages heavy debt as much as possible. It is considered to have a serious and direct effect on aMuslim’s belief or conviction for it can lead to harmful consequences. The Prophet Muhammad (peace be uponhim) used to regularly supplicate “Allah, I seek refuge with you from sin and heavy debts”. (reported by Bukhari andMuslim). The Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) further stated that “whoever dies from free from threethings; arrogance, cheating and debt will enter paradise and the soul of a believer is held hostage by his debt in hisgrave until it is paid off” (reported by Tirmidhi).Khan & Mould (2008) said Islam discourages heavy debt as much as possible as it is considered to have aserious and direct effect on Muslim’s belief or conviction because it can lead to harmful consequences. Incurringdebt to fund luxury and extravagance is contrary to the core Islamic values that condemn excess and wastage.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..