Earlier studies have shown that TO could enhance the corrosion resistance of CP-Ti and Ti–6Al–4V alloy in Ringer’s solution when compared with their untreated counterparts [34–36]. It has been reported that TO of Ti ≥ 800◦C led to the development of a thicker oxide layer. Nevertheless, the variation between the thermal expansion coefficient of the rutile phase of TiO2 and Ti could cause a large difference in lattice mismatch, leading to spallation of the oxide layer [26]. Hence, it is important to optimize the temperature and the time period employed for TO. Since Ti–15Mo alloy has shown promise for biomedical applications, it is worthwhile to modify the surface of this alloy so as to impart the desirable characteristics for the treated alloy. In the present study, thermal oxidation of the Ti–15Mo alloy is explored for the first time. The objective of the study is to ascertain the surface, structural and morphological characteristics of the Ti–15Mo alloy subjected to thermal oxidation at different temperatures (500, 650 and 800◦C),for various periods of time (8, 16, 24 and 48 h). It is also aimed at to evaluate their corrosion behavior in Ringer’s solution by potentiodynamic polarization and immersion studies in order to assess their suitability for biomedical applications.