Directly heated gels were prepared by heating the sol at 90 °C for 20 min. Kamaboko gel and modori gel were prepared by incubating the sol at 40 °C for 30 min or 60 °C for 30 min, respectively, followed by heating at 90 °C for 20 min. The gels were cooled in iced water and stored for 24 h at 4 °C prior to analysis.