(at least 2 out of 3) are obese [3–5]. OSA is a chronic progressive dis- ease and particularly the more severe stages of OSA have been linked to an increased risk for cardiovascular morbidity and mortal- ity [6,7]. In the first randomized study conducted on the effects of weight loss on OSA, we demonstrated that a 1-year lifestyle inter- vention, which included an early weight reduction program, repre- sented a feasible and effective treatment for overweight and obese participants with mild OSA [8]. These findings have been subse- quently confirmed by two randomized studies, one conducted in obese OSA patients with type two diabetes mellitus (DM) and the other in patients with moderate to severe OSA using continuous po- sitive airway pressure therapy [9,10].