Providing undesirable services to children was one of the
subcategories of the healthcare system’s disregard to pain
management. Likewise, Twycross and Collins (2013)
reported the staff’s lack of expertise in pediatric pain
management, the heavy workload in public hospitals, the
absence of facilities to distract children from pain, and staff
shortages, all as barriers to optimal pain management.
According to Wiroonpanich and Strickland (2004), children’s
postoperative pain is partially attributed to environmental
factors such as noise, light, and being away from their
favourite dolls and games. In fact, the children’s postoperative
pain management is influenced by the lack of
specialized services and environments for children.