Biogenic amines, low molecular weight organic bases, can be formed and degraded as a result of normal
metabolic activity in animals, plants and micro-organisms. The amines are usually produced in foods by
decarboxylation of the amino acids. Amine production has been associated with protective mechanisms
of microorganisms [47].
Toxicological problems may result from the ingestion of food containing relatively high levels of
biogenic amines. Putrescine and agmatine has been described as substances that enhance the toxicity of
histamine to humans by depressing histamine oxidation [48].