Discussion and Conclusion
These results illustrate the importance of metacognitive strategies, which could bring about successful student mathe-matical problem solving. It could be seen that students could solve problems successfully; they tried to find various problem solving strategies and could continue solving problems without giving up their efforts to create new problem solving ap-proaches and to express various ways of thinking by using problem solving tools of previously learned ideas and strategies. These findings are in line with Schoenfeld’s conclusion (1985) that a good problem-solver constantly questions his or her achievement. S/he generates a number of possible candidates to the method of solution, but is not seduced by them. By making careful moves such as pursuing productive leads and abandon-ing, fruitless path, s/he solves the problem successfully.
Secondly, the study showed association between the open approach-based teaching and students’ problem solving process. The open approach-based teaching underlining problem solving in the mathematic class consisted of the four teaching steps: 1) posing open-ended problem, 2) students’ self learning, 3) whole class discussion and comparison, and 4) summarization through connecting students’ mathematical ideas emerging in the class-room. The aforementioned relation could be seen from recipro-cal assimilation between the teacher’ s teaching behavior and students’ problem solving behavior, leading to planned objec-tives. Each teaching step promoted students’ learning in many skills and processes, for example, ability of connecting their previously learned ideas with new situations, ability to commu-nicate with other people, open-mindedness, ability to work with other people, and especially the emphasis that student could learn and solve problems by themselves. The study results are consistent with the study of Kongthip et al. (2012) which showed that the open approach-based mathematics class in the lesson study context allowed the students to have opportunity in learning based on their potentiality, being able to think, perform, and express. They preferred to express divergent think.
Discussion and Conclusion
These results illustrate the importance of metacognitive strategies, which could bring about successful student mathe-matical problem solving. It could be seen that students could solve problems successfully; they tried to find various problem solving strategies and could continue solving problems without giving up their efforts to create new problem solving ap-proaches and to express various ways of thinking by using problem solving tools of previously learned ideas and strategies. These findings are in line with Schoenfeld’s conclusion (1985) that a good problem-solver constantly questions his or her achievement. S/he generates a number of possible candidates to the method of solution, but is not seduced by them. By making careful moves such as pursuing productive leads and abandon-ing, fruitless path, s/he solves the problem successfully.
Secondly, the study showed association between the open approach-based teaching and students’ problem solving process. The open approach-based teaching underlining problem solving in the mathematic class consisted of the four teaching steps: 1) posing open-ended problem, 2) students’ self learning, 3) whole class discussion and comparison, and 4) summarization through connecting students’ mathematical ideas emerging in the class-room. The aforementioned relation could be seen from recipro-cal assimilation between the teacher’ s teaching behavior and students’ problem solving behavior, leading to planned objec-tives. Each teaching step promoted students’ learning in many skills and processes, for example, ability of connecting their previously learned ideas with new situations, ability to commu-nicate with other people, open-mindedness, ability to work with other people, and especially the emphasis that student could learn and solve problems by themselves. The study results are consistent with the study of Kongthip et al. (2012) which showed that the open approach-based mathematics class in the lesson study context allowed the students to have opportunity in learning based on their potentiality, being able to think, perform, and express. They preferred to express divergent think.
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