The carbonate particles, which come in the form of a powder, release carbon dioxide once placed in an aqueous solution. They also have tranexamic acid, an antifibrinolytic agent, attached to their surface. When injected into a blood vessel, the particles bubble the carbon dioxide gas with enough force to be able to propel through oncoming blood. The particles were tested in two animal models with considerable success, including a mimic of a gunshot wound. If confirmed in clinical studies, the technology may allow injections or even spraying of the particles over wounds, letting them naturally travel deeper inside the body where they would take effect.