Wall tile glazes with a smooth surface texture, high glossiness, and whiteness are usually based on zirconium containing frits. However, these frits
are quite expensive and therefore, there have recently been certain attempts to lower the production cost such as taking suitable glass–ceramic glaze
systems into an account. With the present work, the frit-based glaze compositions belonging to the K2O–MgO–CaO–ZnO–Al2O3–B2O3–SiO2
glass–ceramic system were studied to prepare newly synthesized wall tile glazes for industrial single fast-firing. The design of a glass–ceramic glaze
for this type of tiles should ensure that the selected frit precursor is technically and commercially compatible with the manufacturing conditions
generally used in the production of glazed ceramic wall tiles. The aim of the study is to develop zircon-free, frit-based, glossy opaque glass–ceramic
glazes for wall tiles by optimizing the CaO/MgO and adjusting the Al2O3/alkali ratios in the starting frit compositions. Frit production, glaze
preparation, application, and single fast-firing of wall tiles were, first of all, conducted under laboratory working conditions and then, successful
recipes were adapted to the relevant industry. The frit crystallization capability and crystallization temperature range were determined by differential
thermal analysis (DTA). Thermal expansion coefficient values of glazes were determined by a dilatometer. Characterization of single fast-fired
glass–ceramic glazes was made by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) techniques.
Colour and gloss analyses of the final glazes were measured with a spectrophotometer and a gloss meter, respectively
Wall tile glazes with a smooth surface texture, high glossiness, and whiteness are usually based on zirconium containing frits. However, these fritsare quite expensive and therefore, there have recently been certain attempts to lower the production cost such as taking suitable glass–ceramic glazesystems into an account. With the present work, the frit-based glaze compositions belonging to the K2O–MgO–CaO–ZnO–Al2O3–B2O3–SiO2glass–ceramic system were studied to prepare newly synthesized wall tile glazes for industrial single fast-firing. The design of a glass–ceramic glazefor this type of tiles should ensure that the selected frit precursor is technically and commercially compatible with the manufacturing conditionsgenerally used in the production of glazed ceramic wall tiles. The aim of the study is to develop zircon-free, frit-based, glossy opaque glass–ceramicglazes for wall tiles by optimizing the CaO/MgO and adjusting the Al2O3/alkali ratios in the starting frit compositions. Frit production, glazepreparation, application, and single fast-firing of wall tiles were, first of all, conducted under laboratory working conditions and then, successfulrecipes were adapted to the relevant industry. The frit crystallization capability and crystallization temperature range were determined by differentialthermal analysis (DTA). Thermal expansion coefficient values of glazes were determined by a dilatometer. Characterization of single fast-firedทำแก้ว – เซรามิก glazes การเผา โดยการเอ็กซ์เรย์การเลี้ยวเบน (XRD), การสแกน microscopy อิเล็กตรอน (SEM) และพลังงาน dispersive เอกซเรย์ (เรื่อง) เทคนิควิเคราะห์สีและเงาของ glazes การเผาขั้นสุดท้ายที่วัดกับเป็นเครื่องทดสอบกรดด่างเครื่องวัดความเงา ตามลำดับ
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