Twenty-one primiparous and 27 multiparous lactating
Holstein cows (167 ± 47 DIM, 1.8 ± 0.97 lactations,
mean ± SD) were selected from the Kansas State
University Dairy Teaching and Research Center herd
and randomly assigned to 1 of 6 freestall pens. Experimental
procedures were approved by the Institutional
Animal Care and Use Committee at Kansas State
University. Pens were assigned to treatment sequence
in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design that was
balanced for carryover effects of treatments.