bottom of the second step into the structure and that the top should align with a peak of the roof that is projected by the remaining sections. Given that assumption, the top of the columns and base of the roof line are in a close golden ratio proportion to the height of the Parthenon. This demonstrates that the Parthenon has golden ratio proportions, but because of the assumptions is probably not strong enough evidence to demonstrate that the ancient Greeks used it intentionally in its overall design, particularly given the exacting precision found in many aspects of its overall design.
In the next photo, however, applies golden ratio grid lines to elements of the Parthenon that remaining standing. The grid lines appear to illustrate golden ratio proportions in these design elements:
• Height of the columns – The structural beam on top of the columns is in a golden ratio proportion to the height of the columns. Note that each of the grid lines is a golden ratio proportion of the one below it, so the third golden ratio grid line from the bottom to the top at the base of the support beam represents a length that is phi cubed, 0.236, from the top of the beam to the base of the column.
• Dividing line of the root support beam – The structural beam on top of the columns has a horizontal dividing line that is in golden ratio proportion to the height of the support beam.
• Width of the columns – The width of the columns is in a golden ratio proportion formed by the distance from the center line of the columns to the outside of the columns.