Borders Group (including many former Waldenbooks rebranded as Borders Express) liquidated its assets and closed all of its locations in the second half of 2011. The previous year had already seen the demise of B. Dalton, a Barnes & Noble subsidiary since 1987. Since 1991, eleven major U.S. bookstore chains have been whittled down to six, and nearly 3300 stores to just over 2200 in 2011.