Because this chapter contributes to an instructional methodology book, it is important
to emphasize that learning styles and strategies of individual students can work together with – or conflict with –a given instructional methodology. If there is harmony between (a) the student (in terms of style and strategy preferences) and (b) the combination of instructional methodology and materials, then the student is likely to perform well, feel confident, and experience low anxiety. If clashes occur between (a) and (b), the student often performs poorly, feels unconfident, and experiences significant anxiety. Sometimes such clashes lead to serious breakdowns in teacher-student interaction. These conflicts may also lead to the dispirited student’s out right rejection of the teaching methodology,theteacher,andthesubjectmater. Now we move to the detailed discussion of learning styles.