All the essential oils cause 100% mortality
among Cx. quinquefasciatus pupae at
48 hours (Table 6). Z. zerumbet oil caused
11.2, 48.8, 90.4 and 100% mortality at 15
and 30 minutes and 1 and 3 hours, respectively;
a significant difference from the
other essential oils. E. littoralis oil caused
100% mortality at 3 hours. The essential
oils of Alpinia sp, Am. biflorum, C. comosa,
C. zedoaria, Z. zerumbet and Z. ottensii all
caused 100% mortality at 6 hours