Management schools at the time were more inclined to examine Fayol’ s principles of the five managerial functions of planning, staffing, organizing, directing and controlling, to the exclusion of entrepreneurship. Business studies relied on case methodology that stressed managerial solutions to problems set in large organizations. Even today the bulk of textbook and case material still relates to a larger corporate situation and a structured managerial environment. The results of this syllabus has been an educational system that has trained (and still trains ) executives for careers appropriate only to big business, big government and big labour. It produced a “culture” that helped coalesce industrial society into one massive kind of organization.