It is also of interest that students' self-standards were not predictive of their use of adaptive regulatory strategies, yet they were related to both students' maladaptive academic behaviors and achievement levels. One potential implication is that all motivational beliefs may not be predictive of the same regulatory or performance processes. Clearly, setting high standards or expectations does not necessarily mean that one will become cognitively engaged or tuned in to the strategies needed to successfully perform a specific task. However, perceiving learning to be interesting or valuable appears to be related to students' tendency to become strategically engaged in that activity.