It is true that customers don’t know what solutions they want, but a solution is not a need. Customer needs are the metrics customers use to measure how well they’re executing the job-to-be-done. We’ve discovered that customers typically use between 50 and 150 metrics, which we call outcomes, to describe the successful execution of any job. These outcomes are the customers’ needs. Outcomes power our innovation process, Outcome-Driven Innovation. When we define needs this way, we can readily identify all of them because customers know perfectly well what success means to them when getting a job done. Take the job of listening to music, for example. People can articulate that success results from being able to find desired songs quickly, avoid choosing unwanted versions of a song, and quickly change the order in which songs are heard.