and these differences were sustained at 12 months (glucose 141 [133–149] vs. 159 [144–174] mg/dL, P = 0.023; HbA1c 6.9% [6.6–7.1%] vs. 7.5% [7.1–7.9%] or 52 [49–54] vs. 58 [54–63] mmol/mol, P = 0.001; insulin 21 [18–25] vs. 25 [20–30] mIU/mL, P = 0.016; triglycerides 148 [134–163] vs. 204 [173–234] mg/dL, P , 0.001) (Table 3).
Participants in the LC diet group had lower mean glucose concentration (P = 0.037) and HbA1c (P = 0.024) than those in the LF diet group at 6 months, and the HbA1c difference between LC and LF was sustained at 12 months (P = 0.021) (Table 3).