The second dimension reflects the unique presentation and specific DSM criteria for specific personality disorders. This dimension involves activity level and movement. Millon and Everly (1985) has proposed a useful model for conceptualizing this dimension of personality disorders. The model is based on basic elements of Adler’s (1956) personality typologies, i.e., levels of activity: active vs. passive and movement: toward (dependent), away from (detached), against (independent), toward and against (ambivalent). By combining these basic elements eight basic personality styles–and related personality disorders- can be derived. These are: the antisocial personality (active–independent); the histrionic personality (active–dependent); the passive-aggressive personality (active–ambivalent); the avoidant personality(active-detached); the narcissistic personality (passive-independent); the dependent personality (passive-dependent);the obsessive-compulsive personality (passive–ambivalent); and the schizoid personality (passive–detached). Millon (1984) considers the borderline, schizotypal, and paranoid personalities to be pathological extensions of the various eight basic styles. For example, the borderline personality represents a pathological or decompensated extension of the histrionic, dependent, or the passive-aggressive personality, while the paranoid personality is the pathological extension of the antisocial, narcissistic or obsessive-compulsive personalities. It is important to note that movement and activity level reflect an individual personality style. It is only when this style is habitually maladaptive and inflexible, i.e., marked by irresponsibility, lack of cooperation, and self-interest, that personality style is considered disordered.
The second dimension reflects the unique presentation and specific DSM criteria for specific personality disorders. This dimension involves activity level and movement. Millon and Everly (1985) has proposed a useful model for conceptualizing this dimension of personality disorders. The model is based on basic elements of Adler’s (1956) personality typologies, i.e., levels of activity: active vs. passive and movement: toward (dependent), away from (detached), against (independent), toward and against (ambivalent). By combining these basic elements eight basic personality styles–and related personality disorders- can be derived. These are: the antisocial personality (active–independent); the histrionic personality (active–dependent); the passive-aggressive personality (active–ambivalent); the avoidant personality(active-detached); the narcissistic personality (passive-independent); the dependent personality (passive-dependent);the obsessive-compulsive personality (passive–ambivalent); and the schizoid personality (passive–detached). Millon (1984) considers the borderline, schizotypal, and paranoid personalities to be pathological extensions of the various eight basic styles. For example, the borderline personality represents a pathological or decompensated extension of the histrionic, dependent, or the passive-aggressive personality, while the paranoid personality is the pathological extension of the antisocial, narcissistic or obsessive-compulsive personalities. It is important to note that movement and activity level reflect an individual personality style. It is only when this style is habitually maladaptive and inflexible, i.e., marked by irresponsibility, lack of cooperation, and self-interest, that personality style is considered disordered.
การแปล กรุณารอสักครู่..
