Fig. 1. Raw rice kernels appeared tombstone-white and no surface cracks were detected. After mix- ing with beetroot juice and vacuum-drying, the rice kernels were tainted a red-violet color of the juice. The rice kernels without surface cracks had smooth colors on the kernel surface (0% surface cracking). Those with cracks appeared distinguished, having dark red-violet lines on the kernel surface. The appearances of Kaow Dawk Mali 105 (KML) kernels were similar to those of Chainat 1 (CHN) (data not shown) but different from those of Sanpatong
1 (SPT). Like non-glutinous rice, KML and CHN kernels are