To prepare for the child’s discharge and home care, the parents are instructed on how to recognize signs that indicate shunt malfunction or infection. Active children may have injuries, such as a fall, that can damage the shunt, and the tubing may pull out of the distal insertion site or become disconnected during normal growth. It is also important for the nurse to encourage families toenroll infants and toddlers with hydrocephalus into an early childhood development program. Depending on the degree of initial damage and the underlying cause, many children have normal intellectual development.