Chinese religious music(Buddhist music, sutra). In addition to receiving standard nursing care, the experimental participant listened one of these music for at least 30 minutes during the latent phase(2-4 cm cervical dilation) and active phase(5-7 cm cervical dilation) of labour. to account for the wide variety of music-listening habits, participants were allowed to choose whether or not to use headphones. Measures for pain and anxiety scales(i.e. vASP, PBI, vASA and FT) were administered before and after 30 minutes of music listening during the latent(cervical dilated 2-4 cm) and active phases(cervical dilated S-7 cm). Participants in the control group were not aware that they had not had the opportunity to listen to music ,but they received routine care after admission. They completed the same pretest and posttest measues at the same phases of labour as the music group. Twenty-four hours after childbirth, women in the experimental group were asked to complete an open-ende questonnaite to indicate their perceptions of the effectiveness of music therapy on pain and anxiety and a five-point scale to evaluate the helpfulness of music
...