The emergence of a global, market-based financial economy has brought considerable benefits to those middle-income countries at the forefront economic reform and liberalization so-called emerging market economies. Thanks largely to the opening of the financial sector in these countries, investors in other countries can now better diversify their investment choices across domestic and international assets, increasing their expected rate of return. Businesses within these countries, meanwhile, are better able to finance fund their expansion plans. As a result, financial resources worldwide are invested more efficiently, boosting economic growth and living standards on both sides of these transactions.