To summarize, the following table indicates the method of accounting that is typically applicable to various stock investments:
Criterion Normal ownership Level Applicable Accounting Method
Inability to significantly influence Ability to significantly influence Control through voting interests
Control through interests
(governance documents,
contracts) Less than 20%
20%-50%
More than 50%
Primary beneficiary
status (no ownership required) Fair value or cost
Equity method or fair value
Consolidated financial statements
Consolidated financial statements
Accounting for an Investment-The Equity Method
Now that the criteria leading to the application of the equity method have been identified, a review of its reporting procedures is appropriate. Knowledge of this accounting process is especially important to users of the investor's financial statements because the equity method affects both the timing of income recognition as well as the carrying amount of the investment account.