6. Conclusion and Discussion
The results revealed that teachers and administrators partly use the evaluation results as a benchmark to improve
the instructional activities. However, the participants later learned that the evaluation result could be used to better
analyze weaknesses and strengths of and also provides the information that can be used to help teachers and
administrators improve and develop the design of learning management and implement the development of learning
management in a way that is closely aligned with the evaluation result of student quality. Discussion of the analysis
is as follows.
Individual reflections of teachers on the workshop and what was learnt provide a means of developing
understanding about factors influencing evaluation use. We explicitly sought to develop a process that addressed
factors influencing engagement and individuals’ development project to develop students’ scientific learning.
Participants’ comments in this research activity emphasize these points, especially the individuals’ development
project. Comments are presented as they relate to factors influencing evaluation use; that is, the context of
information provision, engagement and interaction and individual decision-making context. The second viewpoint
for discussing the determinants of the use of evaluation concerns the actors’ strategies, actions and reactions in
relation to evaluation activities. Preskill, Zuckerman, and Matthews (2003) conducted an exploratory study of
process use. The study identified several factors that appear to affect process use: (a) facilitation of evaluation
processes; (b) management support; (c) advisory group characteristics; (d) frequency, methods, and quality of
communications; and (e) organization characteristics. The ‘‘actual use’’ of evaluation according to Patton (1997) is
the best way to understand the value of activities and the efforts dedicated to it. In this research this principle is
applied to develop students’ scientific learning. Evaluation use activity in participants’ school classifying them into
these categories (generating knowledge, accountability and improvement) according to evaluation uses.
7. Recommendations
(1) Principals should encourage mutual learning among teachers to create a good learning atmosphere in schools
and implement learning development activities to classrooms.
Teachers/committees in schools should be appointed to replace scholars who stimulated implementation of
strategies and help other fellow teachers learn and develop themselves. Evaluation results of different dimensions
could be used to guarantee teaching quality and school quality in a continuous and sustainable manner.
(3) Collaboration between principals and teachers was still based on a command chain. Teachers and principals
did not have equal roles of implementation of evaluation results to develop learners. However, a win-win situation
was featured in this collaboration between the two parties.