Results: Levels of five classes of lipids (ceramide, ceramide-1-phosphate, sphingomyelin,
1-O-alkenyl- lysophosphatidylethanolamine and lysophosphatidylethanolamine) were elevated in the
OVX rats compared to those in the SHAM rats, while the monoacylglycerols and triacylglycerols were
decreased. The E2 treatment only reversed the levels of ceramides, whereas treatments with DPHD, C.
comosa ex- tract or powder returned the levels of all upregulated lipids back to those in the SHAM
control rats.