Cognitive load theory (CLT) relies on the core components of the information-processing model (shortterm, working, and long-term memory) but focuses particularly on the limitations of working memory. From the perspective of cognitive load theory, instructional
materials should be created for a theoretical optimal cognitive load. In other words, cognitive overload impairs learning; cognitive underload does not generate interest. Cognitive load theory is particularly applicable to instructional designers, and this chapter.
According to Sweller et al. (1998, p. 262), “Limited working memory is one of the defining aspects of human cognitive architecture and, accordingly, all instructional designs should be analyzed from a cognitive load perspective.”